Since the late 1950s, we have been aware of the existence of radiation belts around Earth and Jupiter. A radiation belt is a doughnut-shaped region around an object created by its magnetic field. Charged particles (mainly electrons, but not exclusively) are trapped in this region... click to read more

Over the past six years, companies and governments have submitted plans to launch over one million satellites. If even a small portion of these satellites launch, it would have serious implications for the environment in space and on Earth. However, many may not launch and... click to read more

Volcanic eruptions, although magnificent to observe, put human infrastructure and environmental ecosystems close to them at high risk of danger. Explosive eruptions can eject kilotons of rock fragments, glass, and minerals into the atmosphere. Volcanic ash, composed of fine particles with a diameter below 2... click to read more

As the world shifts to low-carbon energy, finding alternatives to fossil fuels is essential. Hydrogen (H2) stands out as a leading candidate because it can be produced in large quantities and used in many ways. Countries representing about 90% of the world's energy supply are... click to read more

Coral reefs are remarkable ecosystems estimated to harbour over a quarter of all marine biodiversity. They create habitat for seafood species that in turn provide protein for millions of people, support coastal tourism and fisheries and protect coastal communities from storms and flooding. Yet, reef-building... click to read more