The North Atlantic flight corridor is the busiest oceanic airspace in the world. Fundamental to its operation is the jet stream - a narrow ribbon of fast west-to-east flowing air (sometimes over 200 mph) that peaks in strength at around 30,000 - 40,000 feet (the... click to read more

Marine plankton forms the basis of life in the ocean, and any changes in marine ecosystems have a profound impact. From observations since the 1950s, we knew that plankton species have been changing their distribution in a way that is consistent with anthropogenic climate change.... click to read more

Climate change is not only altering the ocean's temperature, currents, and productivity, but also the most known forms of animal life. This includes a wide variety of species, from small invertebrates and fish to turtles, tuna, and whales - changes in the marine environment influence... click to read more

Sea ice spreads over vast areas of both the north and south polar regions, especially in the respective winters, and is a significant component of the polar climate system. Sea ice reflects far more of the sun's radiation that reaches it than liquid water does.... click to read more

Climate change will affect rainfall patterns around the world. Because rainfall is such a variable quantity, and models still have a hard time providing reliable projections, few studies have to date ventured to evaluate if these future patterns will move the climate outside the range... click to read more