Human language is a distinguishing feature of us from other animals. However, our recent work showed chimpanzees, similar to us, can combine vocalisations into meaningful, larger structures to create new meaning. These results suggest the building blocks of language may not belong uniquely to humans but may be evolutionary more ancient and inherited from our common ancestor with chimpanzees.

Cleaner fish can recognize cognitively their own images in mirrors and portraits as themselves via self-face recognition. For recognition of the self, they have an internal mental image of self-face like humans. This process suggests they have private self-awareness or “mind” and a concept of the self.

Getting to know what is beneath a given volcano and how it behaves during unrests are essential to monitor it correctly. This is of the utmost importance for those volcanoes whose eruptions can have a great impact on the population. Each volcano is unique and earthquakes preceding and accompanying its eruptions provide valuable data to study its interior.

The extraordinary performance of quantum sensors based on cold atoms will enhance our understanding of the world around us. While ground-based devices are currently in use, their deployment by Unstaffed Aerial Vehicles (UAV's) requires significant reductions in size, weight, and power. This work has realised the first step towards the deployment of cold atom-based sensors on UAV’s.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant concern due to the difficulty in treating infections and increased risks during even standard medical procedures. To develop strategies against AMR, we need a global effort to address it through evidence-based policies and research.

The sudden release of water and sediment from glacial lakes, known as glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), are a major natural hazard that can result in significant life loss. The danger of GLOFs varies globally, however in 2020, GLOFs threatened 15 million people. People living in High Mountain Asia and the Andes were the most in danger, with China and Pakistan the most threatened nations