A long-standing question in art and aesthetics is if there are culturally and temporally transcendent design principles within art and, if so, how the principles evolve over time. Among various design principles, compositional techniques in painting that focus on the spatial arrangement of elements on... click to read more

The brain is formed with a constellation of various types of neurons interacting with internal milieu and external surroundings in a dynamic manner. Sleep occupies one-third of one’s lifetime and a good night’s sleep is vital for survival. Living in a fast-paced modern society, people... click to read more

The earliest examples of preserving human thoughts by applying ink on a flexible and durable material, papyrus, were found in Ancient Egypt at the dawn of recorded history (c. 3200 BCE). Egyptians used black ink for writing body text, while red ink was often used... click to read more

We can think of the way the brain processes information as an orchestral ensemble. In the brain, information is mainly processed by a specialized type of brain cell called neurons, like individual instruments in the orchestra. Neurons use electrical signals to transmit information. These signals... click to read more

Many animals use their limbs to handle their food and obtain edible pieces from it. To take a relatable example, we humans peel fruits, fillet fish, and break crabs with our hands and tools. In contrast, most animals that lack limbs (like snakes) would be... click to read more